{"id":9128,"date":"2021-10-22T09:13:13","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T07:13:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visitteo.com\/12-most-significant-fortresses-in-croatia\/"},"modified":"2021-10-22T12:22:57","modified_gmt":"2021-10-22T10:22:57","slug":"12-nejvyznamnejsich-pevnosti-v-chorvatsku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/visitteo.com\/cs\/12-nejvyznamnejsich-pevnosti-v-chorvatsku\/","title":{"rendered":"12 nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pevnost chr\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytuje voj\u00e1k\u016fm bezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstav p\u0159ed nep\u0159\u00edtelem. Ale ne v\u0161echny pevnosti jsou si rovny. A jist\u011b, ne v\u0161echny jsou stvo\u0159eny stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, v tom je ta kr\u00e1sa. Pevnost v Chorvatsku je b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem. Chorvatsko se to prost\u011b hem\u017e\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00fdmi st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdmi pevnostmi a pevnostmi, na jejich\u017e kameni je veps\u00e1na jejich bohat\u00e1 historie. Kdysi chr\u00e1nily centrum chorvatsk\u00fdch m\u011bst v historii p\u0159ed \u010detn\u00fdmi \u00fatoky, kter\u00e9 hrozily. Dnes se sv\u00fdmi n\u00e1dhern\u00fdmi obrysy a v\u00fdhledem, kter\u00fd se od nich rozprost\u00edr\u00e1, st\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dnou turistickou atrakc\u00ed a kulturn\u00edm pokladem.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

1. Pevnost Lovrijenac, Dubrovn\u00edk<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"Pevnost Lovrijenac je monument\u00e1ln\u00ed a p\u016fsobiv\u00e1 pevnost v Chorvatsku. Pevnost je mimo m\u011bstsk\u00e9 hradby Dubrovn\u00edku, kter\u00e1 dominuje mo\u0159sk\u00e9 krajin\u011b. P\u0159edstavuje jednu z nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku. Dne\u0161n\u00ed podobu mu dal Juraj Dalmatinac<\/strong> v 15. stolet\u00ed za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce. Proto\u017ee obyvatel\u00e9 Dubrovn\u00edku sly\u0161eli, \u017ee Ben\u00e1t\u010dan\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed na sk\u00e1le postavit svou pevnost a ovl\u00e1dnout tak Dubrovn\u00edk. Lovrijenac zp\u016fsobil mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f v\u0161em, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017eili ohrozit svobodu Republiky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b Ben\u00e1t\u010dan\u016fm. Pevnost je cel\u00e1 op\u0159edena legendami, jak o jej\u00edm p\u016fvodu, tak o hrdinsk\u00fdch \u010dinech jej\u00edch str\u00e1\u017ec\u016f a obr\u00e1nc\u016f.<\/p>\n

2. Pevnost Klis, Split<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostD\u00edky sv\u00e9 strategick\u00e9 poloze mezi dv\u011bma horami, p\u0159esn\u011bji Kozjak<\/strong> a Mosor<\/strong>. Pevnost sehr\u00e1la d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i obran\u011b cel\u00e9 Dalm\u00e1cie, zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o Osmany a jejich n\u00e1jezdy. Pevnost Klis je jedn\u00edm z nej\u00fapln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f fortifika\u010dn\u00ed architektury v Chorvatsku. Klis je jednou z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku a byla poprv\u00e9 zm\u00edn\u011bna v 5. stolet\u00ed. Pevnost si v\u011bt\u0161inou zaslou\u017e\u00ed svou sl\u00e1vu z dob tureck\u00fdch v\u00e1lek. Kdy\u017e kapit\u00e1n pevnosti Petar Kru\u017ei\u0107<\/strong> se sv\u00fdmi Uskoky<\/strong> po desetilet\u00ed odol\u00e1val pokus\u016fm o tureck\u00e9 dobyt\u00ed. Do roku 1537 padla do tureck\u00fdch rukou.<\/p>\n

3. Pevnost sv. Michala, \u0160ibenik<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostNeodmyslitelnou zast\u00e1vkou ka\u017ed\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy \u0160ibeniku je jist\u011b pevnost sv. Michala jako nejstar\u0161\u00ed ze \u010dty\u0159 \u0161ibenick\u00fdch pevnost\u00ed. B\u00fdvala z\u00e1rukou bezpe\u010dnosti \u0160ibeniku, nejstar\u0161\u00edho autochtonn\u00edho chorvatsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta na dalmatsk\u00e9m pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. A dnes je jednou z jeho nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kulturn\u011b-historick\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek. Pevnost se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 poloze, na jej\u00edm\u017e \u00fapat\u00ed se rozvinul st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fd \u0160ibenik. Tvrz \u010dasto m\u011bnila majitele. Dlouho to byli chorvat\u0161t\u00ed \u0161lechtici, pak chorvatsko-uher\u0161t\u00ed kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 a pak Byzanc a Ben\u00e1tky. Po\u010d\u00e1tkem 15. stolet\u00ed se pevnost dostala do majetku Ben\u00e1tek, a tak tomu bylo a\u017e do konce 18. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

4. Pevnost Nehaj, Senj<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostPevnost Nehaj, symbol m\u011bsta Senj, byla postavena v roce 1558 pod dohledem kapit\u00e1na a gener\u00e1la chorvatsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 hranice Ivana Lenkovi\u0107e<\/strong> a kapit\u00e1na Herbarta VIII<\/strong>. Byl postaven z materi\u00e1l\u016f zni\u010den\u00fdch kostel\u016f, kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f a dom\u016f p\u016fvodn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch mimo m\u011bstsk\u00e9 hradby. Je 18 m vysok\u00fd a 23 m \u0161irok\u00fd. Vstupovalo se do n\u011bj po schodech p\u0159es d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd most \u00fazk\u00fdmi dvouk\u0159\u00eddl\u00fdmi dve\u0159mi. Ve zdech je asi sto st\u0159\u00edlen a jeden\u00e1ct velk\u00fdch otvor\u016f pro d\u011bla. Sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu slou\u017eil jako pevnost pro Uskoky<\/strong> pro m\u00edsto obrany m\u011bsta Senj.<\/p>\n

5. Pevnost Kamerlengo, Trogir<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostPevnost Kamerlengo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti poloostrova Trogir, vybudovan\u00e9 Ben\u00e1tkami<\/strong> v 15. stolet\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po vzniku ben\u00e1tsk\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy. Slou\u017eil jako vojensk\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna pro jejich voj\u00e1ky v t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti Jadranu. Pojmenov\u00e1no bylo podle m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho mistra Kamerari<\/strong>. V roce 1378 se p\u0159ed v\u011b\u017e\u00ed odehr\u00e1la n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed bitva mezi Ben\u00e1tkami a Janovem. Polygon\u00e1ln\u00ed, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u011b\u017e v r\u00e1mci tvrze byla pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b postavena d\u0159\u00edve. V sou\u010dasnosti se z pevnosti stalo multimedi\u00e1ln\u00ed centrum s letn\u00edm kinem a jevi\u0161t\u011bm pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed akce.<\/p>\n

6. Pevnost Fortica, Hvar<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostNad severn\u00ed, starou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u011bsta Hvar, na kopci vysok\u00e9m asi sto metr\u016f, se ty\u010d\u00ed velkolep\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00e1 pevnost. Hvarsk\u00e1 ben\u00e1tsk\u00e1 pevnost – Fortica nebo \u0160panjola. Pevnost je vrcholem ka\u017ed\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy m\u011bsta Hvar. V\u00fdstup na pevnost je m\u00edrn\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd a v\u00fdhled z vrcholu je velkolep\u00fd. P\u0159esto\u017ee jeho vzhled byl formov\u00e1n p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v 16. stolet\u00ed, zlat\u00e9m stolet\u00ed hvarsk\u00e9 architektury. Fortica je mnohem starobylej\u0161\u00ed a vrstven\u00e1 kulturn\u00ed a historick\u00e1 pam\u00e1tka. Dnes je v\u0161ak pevnost symbolem mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a pohnut\u00e9 historie Hvaru.<\/p>\n

7. Pevnost sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161e, \u0160ibenik<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostPevnost sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161e u vstupu do kan\u00e1lu sv. Ante<\/strong> v \u0160ibeniku je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed renesan\u010dn\u00ed stavbou ben\u00e1tsk\u00e9 fortifika\u010dn\u00ed konstrukce. Pevnost sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161e je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed pam\u00e1tkou sv\u011btov\u00e9ho architektonick\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 byla v roce 2017 zaps\u00e1na na Seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO<\/strong> v r\u00e1mci nominace \u201eObrann\u00e9 syst\u00e9my Ben\u00e1tsk\u00e9 republiky 16. a 17. stolet\u00ed\u201c. Stavba pevnosti podle projektu ben\u00e1tsk\u00e9ho architekta Giana Giro-lamo Sanmicheliho<\/strong> za\u010dala v roce 1540 po p\u00e1du m\u011bsta Skradin pod osmanskou nadvl\u00e1dou. Kdy\u017e Ben\u00e1t\u010dan\u00e9 museli pos\u00edlit obranu \u0160ibeniku, jednoho z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch strategick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstav\u016f na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Jadersk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e. Dnes je to jedna z nejunik\u00e1tn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku.<\/p>\n

8. Pevnost Revelin, Dubrovn\u00edk<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostDubrovnick\u00e1 republika postavila pevnost Revelin, aby l\u00e9pe opevnila m\u011bsto p\u0159ed hrozbou Ben\u00e1t\u010dan\u016f. Pevnost br\u00e1nila v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st m\u011bsta z pevniny, stejn\u011b jako vjezd do m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstavu. Revelin je nejmohutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dubrovnick\u00e1 pevnost. Postaveno z velmi siln\u00fdch zd\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nebyly zni\u010deny zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm nebo v\u00e1lkami. Slavn\u00fd renesan\u010dn\u00ed sl\u00e9va\u010d Ivan Rabljanin<\/strong> m\u011bl v prostorn\u00e9m interi\u00e9ru tvrze pec na odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bl a zvon\u016f. V roce 1538 byla pevnost p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bna na prostornou a silnou pevnost ve tvaru nepravideln\u00e9ho \u010dty\u0159\u00faheln\u00edku podle pokyn\u016f in\u017een\u00fdra Antonia Ferramolina<\/strong> z Bergama.<\/p>\n

9. Pevnost Fortica, Omi\u0161<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostPevnost Fortica neboli Starigrad<\/strong> je strategicky um\u00edst\u011bna nad m\u011bstem. Byl postaven v 15. stolet\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako \u00fakryt a na obranu proti Turk\u016fm. I kdy\u017e je to mal\u00e1 omi\u0161sk\u00e1 pevnost, je to jedno z nejp\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch opevn\u011bn\u00ed na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Jadersk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se na \u00fatesech vysoko nad ka\u0148onem Cetiny<\/strong> a samotn\u00fdm m\u011bstem na extr\u00e9mn\u00edm z\u00e1padn\u00edm rameni Omi\u0161sk\u00e9 Dinary. Pevnost vznikla pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b na m\u00edst\u011b prav\u011bk\u00e9ho hradi\u0161t\u011b a starobyl\u00e9 tvrze. Odm\u011bnou za v\u00fdstup na Forticu je \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd v\u00fdhled, kter\u00fd si budete pamatovat cel\u00e9 dny.<\/p>\n

10. Pevnost Sisak, Sisak<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"PevnostB\u011bhem bitev s Osmany zastavit tureck\u00fd pr\u016fnik. Na soutoku \u0159ek Kupy a S\u00e1vy za\u010dala stavba pevnosti Sisak. Se stavbou se za\u010dalo v roce 1544 a v roce 1550 byl zp\u016fsobil\u00fd k z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se pobl\u00ed\u017e \u00fast\u00ed \u0159eky Kupy do S\u00e1vy, tak\u017ee je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159irozen\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bna vodou. Pevnost byla t\u0159ikr\u00e1t obl\u00e9h\u00e1na osmansk\u00fdm vojensk\u00fdm v\u016fdcem Hasanem Pa\u0161ou Pre-dojevi\u0107em<\/strong>. Teprve v roce 1593 utrp\u011bl kone\u010dnou por\u00e1\u017eku v rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed bitv\u011b o obranu Sisaku a cel\u00e9ho chorvatsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Dnes je pevnost muzeem m\u011bsta Sisak.<\/p>\n

11. <\/strong>Pevnost <\/strong>Novigradsk\u00e1, Karlovac<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"Novigradsk\u00e1V bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti star\u00e9ho kamenn\u00e9ho mostu se na prav\u00e9m b\u0159ehu \u0159eky Dobra<\/strong> ty\u010d\u00ed ruiny frankopansk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Novigrad. I kdy\u017e podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch historick\u00fdch pramen\u016f je oblast Novigradu zmi\u0148ov\u00e1na ji\u017e v 11. stolet\u00ed. Doba vzniku star\u00e9ho m\u011bsta nen\u00ed s jistotou zn\u00e1ma. Vznik je nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0159ipisov\u00e1n dob\u011b kolem 14. stolet\u00ed, kdy se dostal do dr\u017een\u00ed Frankopan\u016f<\/strong>. Od 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky tvrz systematicky ch\u00e1tr\u00e1. Byl odstran\u011bn cenn\u00fd kamenn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, m\u011bsto zarostlo plevelem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e ztratilo sv\u00e9 dominantn\u00ed postaven\u00ed v prostoru.<\/p>\n

12. Pevnost Stari Grad, Samobor<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"Samobor,Star\u00e9 m\u011bsto Samobor se nach\u00e1z\u00ed nad st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdm tr\u017en\u00edm m\u011bstem Samobor. Z kopce Tepec<\/strong> se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 v\u00fdhled daleko do v\u0161ech \u010dty\u0159 sv\u011btov\u00fdch stran. Kter\u00fd v\u00fdborn\u011b poslou\u017eil pro obrann\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee se stavbou tvrze zapo\u010dal v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 13. stolet\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd kr\u00e1l Otokar II<\/strong>. Chr\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 nov\u011b dobyt\u00e9 oblasti, do nich\u017e pat\u0159il i Samobor. Pevnost proch\u00e1z\u00ed \u010detn\u00fdmi modernizacemi a m\u011bn\u00ed \u0159adu majitel\u016f kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch a \u0161lechtick\u00fdch rod\u016f. A\u017e do po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy jej od jeho posledn\u00edch majitel\u016f definitivn\u011b koupila obec Samobor.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Chcete nav\u0161t\u00edvit n\u011bkterou z pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku? Ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt na Visitteo<\/a>. Porovnejte ceny hotel\u016f, apartm\u00e1n\u016f, pokoj\u016f, studi\u00ed, vil a mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Objevte dal\u0161\u00ed pevnosti v Chorvatsku, inspirujte se a najd\u011bte zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 destinace na na\u0161ich soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch \u2013 Instagram<\/a>,\u00a0Facebook<\/a>,\u00a0Twitter<\/a> a\u00a0YouTube<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pevnost chr\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytuje voj\u00e1k\u016fm bezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstav p\u0159ed nep\u0159\u00edtelem. Ale ne v\u0161echny pevnosti jsou si rovny. A jist\u011b, ne v\u0161echny jsou stvo\u0159eny stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, v tom je ta kr\u00e1sa. Pevnost v Chorvatsku je b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem. Chorvatsko se to prost\u011b hem\u017e\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00fdmi st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdmi pevnostmi a pevnostmi, na jejich\u017e kameni je veps\u00e1na jejich bohat\u00e1 historie. Kdysi chr\u00e1nily […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8996,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[96],"post-locations":[],"class_list":["post-9128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-cs","tag-croatia-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n12 Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch Pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku - Visitteo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pevnost\u00ed v Chorvatsku jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm jevem. 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